Sec. 93 AO Article · Legal position 09/2026

The Bitcoin.de data requests: what affected investors need to know

Two collective information requests, roughly 4,000 cases each, and a deadline that reaches, through DAC 8, far beyond former Bitcoin.de customers. We have been able to help a considerable number of clients from the first round — without a criminal conviction, without the surcharge, and in many cases without evasion interest either.

The essentials
  • First round: request made in 2023, data years 2015–2017, roughly 4,000 accounts with at least €50,000 in annual trading turnover.
  • Second round: confirmed by the North Rhine-Westphalia tax authority on 25 September 2025, again roughly 4,000 cases nationwide — the platform and years come from press research, not the official statement itself.
  • From the first round, we have been able to help many clients without a criminal conviction, without the surcharge under section 398a of the Fiscal Code, and in numerous cases without evasion interest under section 235 either.
  • Note: even without ever holding a Bitcoin.de account, the comparable deadline ends, in our assessment, on 31 July in practice — through DAC 8.

The two rounds at a glance

What is officially confirmed, and what comes from press research — a distinction we think matters, especially since the two are frequently blurred together in reporting.

Collective information requests connected to Bitcoin.de
 First roundSecond round
Request made 2023, North Rhine-Westphalia tax investigation office Data package confirmed 25 September 2025 by the state anti-financial-crime office (LBF NRW)
Cases affected roughly 4,000 accounts just under 4,000 tax cases nationwide
Data years 2015–2017 (officially confirmed) reportedly up to 2022 — not officially confirmed
Threshold from €50,000 turnover per year not officially stated
Platform Bitcoin.de (officially confirmed) Bitcoin.de suspected, per press research — not named by the authority
Result so far additional tax revenue in the high single-digit millions of euros (as at 08/2025), processing not concluded evaluation under way, distribution to local tax offices has begun
Why we draw this distinction so precisely

The press release from North Rhine-Westphalia's state anti-financial-crime office of 25 September 2025 names neither the platform nor the years affected. That it is again Bitcoin.de, and that the years extend to 2022, comes from reporting by the business papers Wirtschaftswoche and Handelsblatt. For your own assessment that makes no practical difference — for how much weight to give a source, it does.

What happens next for those affected

Four steps between the authority's request and possible proceedings against you personally.

Step 1

The platform transmits the data

Bitcoin.de hands over the account data of users meeting the request's criteria to the requesting authority — in the first round, the North Rhine-Westphalia tax investigation office.

Step 2

Central processing and distribution

The data is evaluated centrally and then passed to the local tax office responsible for each user's place of residence nationwide — regardless of which state originally made the request.

Step 3

Comparison against existing returns

The responsible tax office checks whether, and to what extent, the reported turnover appears in the tax returns filed for the years concerned. Where a gap appears, a request for information or a hearing letter to the individual usually follows first.

Step 4

Voluntary correction or criminal tax proceedings

Depending on how the person concerned responds and how the tax authority assesses the facts, the matter either resolves through an agreed correction or criminal tax proceedings are opened. This is precisely the point at which it is decided whether the route of a voluntary disclosure with immunity from prosecution remains open. Our article on a letter from the tax office

Why this applies even without a Bitcoin.de account

The most important point in this article — and the one most often missed.

DAC 8 replaces the targeted request with an automatic one

A collective information request is a targeted measure, limited to one platform and one period. From 2026, it is superseded by an automatic reporting mechanism spanning every platform: under DAC 8, essentially all crypto-asset service providers report their users' data to the tax authorities — not just Bitcoin.de, but every platform within scope.

And old accounts are captured too

The due diligence duties under DAC 8 expressly extend to existing user relationships, not only new customers. Anyone who has held an account for years with any platform within scope becomes visible through this — regardless of whether that platform was ever the subject of a collective information request. The first transmission of this data to German tax offices is expected in 2027.

  • Collective requesttargeted, one platform, one period
  • DAC 8automatic, every platform in scope, ongoing
  • Coversexisting, historical account relationships too
  • First transmissionexpected from 2027

We have set out the full picture — which data is transmitted, which providers are covered, and three common misconceptions — in a dedicated article. Our article on DAC 8

The bridge back, open until 31 July

For Bitcoin.de just as for DAC 8: a voluntary disclosure's protective effect ends with discovery of the offence, and that point can be narrowed down.

Time remaining

329Days
09Hours
35Minutes
07Seconds

until 31.07.2027, 23:59 (German time)
After that, further reporting data should be expected to have reached local tax offices.

Why this particular date

The bar in section 371(2) sentence 1 no. 2 of the Fiscal Code takes effect once the offence is discovered and the taxpayer had to expect that. In our view, what matters is the arrival of the data at the responsible local tax office — not whether it has actually been processed there, and not whether you personally have received a letter yet.

For the ongoing distribution of the second Bitcoin.de round, just as for the first DAC 8 transmission expected in 2027, we take the view that from 1 August a reasonable taxpayer had to expect that arrival.

You will not, in case of doubt, know the exact day of arrival at your own tax office. If it comes to it, that can be established afterwards through file inspection in the investigation — waiting until then means relying on a fact you cannot know at the moment you have to decide.

Our experience from the first round

Not every case arising from a collective information request ends with a penalty, a surcharge and interest. There is a legal reason why.

From the first Bitcoin.de round, a considerable number of those affected contacted us after receiving a letter from the tax office. In many of these cases we were able to reach an outcome with neither a criminal conviction nor a surcharge under section 398a of the Fiscal Code — and in a number of cases, no evasion interest under section 235 either.

How this fits together legally

Section 235 of the Fiscal Code presupposes evaded tax — meaning intent. Section 398a presupposes intentional tax evasion above the €25,000 threshold, which is exactly what first makes a voluntary disclosure with a surcharge necessary in the first place. Where neither intent nor recklessness can be established for the years concerned, what exists in law is not tax evasion at all, but an ordinary correction. The tax itself, together with ordinary interest under section 233a, is still owed — but not the surcharge, and not evasion interest.

For the years 2015 to 2017 specifically — the core of the first round — this is not merely a line of defence but often the more natural reading of the facts: the Anlage SO form has only asked specifically about crypto-asset gains since the 2023 assessment period. Anyone who filed a return before that point, to the best of their knowledge and using the form as it was put to them, filled it in as presented. Whether an accusation of reckless understatement can even be derived from that in the individual case is a question we are currently also pursuing before the courts. More in our article on the model notice of appeal

This is not a promise for every case. Whether a comparable outcome is achievable depends on the specific circumstances — the documentation available, the amounts involved, the filing history to date. We assess this individually for each client before giving any view.

Statements about past engagements describe our experience. No particular outcome for your case can be derived from them.

Checklist

Six steps if you held a Bitcoin.de account between 2015 and 2022 — or traded crypto assets on any other platform.

  • Check whether you held a Bitcoin.de account in the period concerned and whether that turnover is fully declared
  • Even without any Bitcoin.de connection, check whether every year is declared for which another platform could supply data from 2027
  • Have any letter already received from the tax office properly classified before you respond yourself — the type of letter decides whether the bar applies
  • Secure transaction histories from the period concerned now, not only when needed — older exchange data becomes harder to obtain over time
  • Have it assessed whether intent or recklessness can even be established for the years concerned, before assuming a voluntary disclosure with surcharge is required
  • If in doubt, make contact before 31 July, not after — preparing a complete voluntary disclosure takes weeks

Questions and answers

What is a "Sammelauskunftsersuchen"?
A collective information request: an order from the tax authority to a third party — here, a trading platform — to hand over data on a large number of users not yet individually identified, so that specific taxpayers can be identified from it. The legal basis is section 93(1a) of the Fiscal Code, read together with section 208(1) sentence 1 no. 3. The Federal Fiscal Court has held such requests permissible provided there is sufficient cause and the enquiry is not a fishing expedition (Federal Fiscal Court, judgment of 16 May 2013, II R 15/12).
Were nearly 8,000 Bitcoin.de users really affected?
Two separate collective requests each produced roughly 4,000 cases — so around 8,000 in total. Whether and to what extent the two groups overlap is not known to us. The case count is officially confirmed for both rounds; that the second round again concerns Bitcoin.de and years up to 2022 comes from press research, not from the tax authority's own statement.
I never had a Bitcoin.de account — does this still concern me?
Possibly, just through a different channel. From 2026, all crypto-asset service providers report automatically to the tax authorities under DAC 8 — and that reporting also covers existing, meaning historical, account relationships. The first transmission of this data is expected in 2027. For undeclared earlier years, that creates the same kind of exposure as a collective information request, just across every platform rather than one.
Why specifically 31 July?
That is not a statutory deadline but our assessment of when the window closes in practice. A voluntary disclosure loses its effect of granting immunity from prosecution once the offence is discovered, section 371(2) sentence 1 no. 2 of the Fiscal Code — and that applies as soon as the taxpayer had to expect discovery. In our view, what matters is the arrival of the reporting data at the taxpayer's local tax office, not when it is actually processed there. We take the view that from 1 August, that expectation applies. The exact day of arrival at your specific tax office can, in case of doubt, only be established afterwards through file inspection in the investigation — waiting until then means relying on a fact you cannot yourself know at the time you decide.
Can I still make a disclosure free of penalty and interest?
Immunity from prosecution through an effective voluntary disclosure remains possible as long as none of the bars in section 371(2) of the Fiscal Code apply. Whether evasion interest under section 235 also arises depends on whether there was an intentional or reckless understatement at all — for older, unclear situations that is not automatically the case. We assess this individually for each case.
What if I have already received a letter from the tax office?
That depends on exactly what it says. A general request for information is not the same as notification of an audit order or the appearance of a tax official — only the latter reliably bars a voluntary disclosure under section 371(2) of the Fiscal Code. Show us the letter before you respond yourself.
Responsible for content: Matthias Steger, German certified tax advisor (Steuerberater), nine years as a tax auditor.
Legal position: 2 September 2026. Sources: section 93(1a), section 208(1) sentence 1 no. 3, section 371(2), section 398a, section 235 and section 233a of the Fiscal Code; Federal Fiscal Court, judgment of 16 May 2013, II R 15/12.
On the first round: press release of North Rhine-Westphalia's state anti-financial-crime office; reporting by Haufe, WINHELLER and other professional publications, as at August 2025.
On the second round: press release of the North Rhine-Westphalia tax administration of 25 September 2025, which names neither the platform nor the years; the connection to Bitcoin.de and to the years up to 2022 comes from reporting by Wirtschaftswoche and Handelsblatt and is not officially confirmed.
The statements on the decisive point of discovery and on the absence of recklessness for older years reflect our own legal view; they are not settled by the highest court in every respect. Statements about past engagements describe our experience and permit no conclusion about the outcome in your case. This article is not advice on an individual case. Where this English text and the German version differ, the German version governs.

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